Poziv za osnivanje Komisije za reviziju grčkog javnog duga

Mi doljepotpisani vjerujemo da je nužno osnovati Komisiju za reviziju grčkog javnog duga. Grčko društvo plaća vrlo visoku cijenu za politike rješavanja javnog duga koje trenutno provode EU i MMF. Shodno tome, Grci imaju demokratsko pravo zahtijevati da ih se u potpunosti informira o javnom i javno garantiranom dugu.

Svrha je Komisije utvrditi uzroke nastanka javnog duga, uvjete pod kojima je bio ugovoren i način na koji su se posuđena sredstva potrošila. Na temelju ovih uvida Komisija će napraviti preporuke za obradu duga, što će uključivati i dugove koji se pokažu protuzakonitima, nelegitimnima ili napravljenima bez znanja i protiv interesa naroda (odious debt). Komisija bi također nastojala utvrditi odgovorne za ugovaranje problematičnih dugova.

Javni i privatni dug u srcu su krize eurozone. Globalna kriza koja je počela 2007. godine poprimila je oblik dužničke krize periferije eurozone. Prema posljednjem državnom proračunu, očekuje se da će grčki javni dug narasti s 299 milijardi eura (ili 127% BDP-a) u 2009. na 362 milijarde eura (ili 159% BDP-a) u 2011. godini. Povećanje javnog duga povećava opasnost državnog bankrota na periferiji eurozone i otvara mogućnost kraha banaka po cijeloj Europi. Udružena s nacionalnim državama, EU je reagirala programima spasa koji su zemljama eurozone olakšali kratkoročno zaduživanje i zaštitili banke. Ali ove mjere nisu uspjele umiriti financijska tržišta pa je, posljedično, za zemlje periferije cijena zaduživanja nastavila rasti. Također, cijena ovih programa bile su mjere štednje. Grčka, Irska i druge zemlje bile su prisiljene srezati plaće i mirovine, smanjiti javnu potrošnju, sniziti socijalne izdatke, privatizirati javna poduzeća i deregulirati tržišta. Daljnji društveni troškovi neće se moći izbjeći zbog rasta nezaposlenosti, propadanja tvrtki i nestanka proizvodnje.

Grčka je već neko vrijeme najvažnija stavka u programima za spas koje provodi EU, ali Grcima su i dalje nepoznati sadržaj i uvjeti javnog duga. Nedostatak informacija predstavlja fundamentalan neuspjeh demokratskog procesa. Ljudi od kojih se očekuje da plate cijenu programa EU imaju demokratsko pravo dobiti sve informacije o javnom dugu.

Komisija za reviziju bi mogla početi ispravljati ovaj propust. Također bi mogla potaknuti aktivno sudjelovanje širih slojeva društva u pokretima koji se bave problemom javnog duga. Komisija će biti međunarodna i okupljat će revizore za dugove i fiskalne troškove, pravne stručnjake, ekonomiste, predstavnike sindikata i civilnog društva. Bit će neovisna od političkih stranaka, iako političarima koji prihvaćaju njene ciljeve sudjelovanje neće biti zabranjeno. Komisija će osiguravati posjedovanje stručnog znanja, ali i jamčiti demokratsku odgovornost te kontrolu nad svima uključenima.

Da bi ispunila svoju svrhu, Komisija bi trebala imati puni pristup aranžmanima povezanima s javnim dugom, što uključuje obveznice, bilateralna, multilateralna i druga zaduženja i državne obveze. Trebala bi imati nužne ovlasti da dobije na raspolaganje sve dokumente koje procijeni potrebnima za dovršenje svog posla. Također je nužno pokrenuti odgovarajuće procedure koje bi omogućile Komisiji da pozove državne dužnosnike na iznošenje dokaza, kao i da dobije uvid u bankovne račune na temelju dobro obrazloženih zahtjeva i uz podršku pravosudnih organa, osobito državne račune u privatnim bankama i Grčkoj narodnoj banci. Napokon, trebalo bi joj staviti na raspolaganje vremensko razdoblje dovoljno da ispita ugovore o dugu i izradi izvješće.

Argumente u korist neovisne i međunarodne Komisije za reviziju koja bi ispitala grčki javni dug nemoguće je pobiti. Komisija je ujedno demokratska potreba Grka koji snose teret krize i žele znati njene uzroke. U svakom bi pogledu Komisija za reviziju u Grčkoj mogla poslužiti kao prototip za druge zemlje eurozone.

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